Pekingese Dog Breed Full Guide

    The Pekingese, a small yet regal toy dog breed, is one of the most recognizable dogs in the world thanks to its lion-like mane, proud demeanor, and flat face. Originally bred as companions for Chinese royalty, these dogs carry an air of aristocracy, often referred to as "lion dogs" due to their majestic appearance. Despite their small size, Pekingese have bold, independent personalities, often endearing themselves to dog lovers with their loyalty and charm.

    However, this breed is not without its challenges. Their long, flowing coats require consistent grooming, and their flat faces can lead to respiratory issues, particularly in hot weather. While they may be aloof with strangers, Pekingese are incredibly loyal to their owners, making them excellent companions for those who appreciate their unique temperament.

    This guide will provide a comprehensive overview of the Pekingese dog breed, covering everything from their rich history and distinctive characteristics to their care needs and health concerns. By the end of this post, you'll have a full understanding of what it takes to own and care for this remarkable breed.

History of the Pekingese

    The Pekingese breed has a fascinating history that stretches back more than 2,000 years. Originating in ancient China, these dogs were revered by Chinese royalty and were considered sacred. Their name is derived from the city of Peking (now Beijing), where they were bred and kept exclusively by members of the imperial court.

    According to legend, the Pekingese was created by Buddha himself, who shrunk a lion down to a small size while retaining its courage and dignity. This mythological origin contributed to their association with the Chinese guardian lions, which are symbols of protection, strength, and power. For centuries, Pekingese were treated as sacred animals, with the punishment for stealing one being death.

    Pekingese were pampered and protected by emperors, and they often had their own attendants. They were so cherished that they were sometimes carried in the sleeves of royal garments, earning them the nickname "sleeve dogs." These dogs were not just pets but also symbols of wealth and power in the Chinese imperial courts.

    The breed's introduction to the Western world came in the mid-19th century, during the Second Opium War. British forces entered the imperial palace and discovered five Pekingese dogs, which were taken as spoils of war. These dogs were presented to British royalty, including Queen Victoria, and from there, their popularity spread throughout Europe and North America. The Pekingese was officially recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1906 and has remained a beloved breed ever since.

Physical Characteristics and Appearance

    The Pekingese is a small, sturdy dog with a distinctive lion-like appearance. Here’s a closer look at their key physical traits:

• Size: Pekingese are small dogs, typically weighing between 8 and 14 pounds. Despite their small stature, they have a robust and muscular build.
• Coat: One of the breed's most striking features is its long, double-layered coat, which gives the Pekingese its lion-like mane. The outer coat is long, coarse, and flowing, while the undercoat is soft and dense.
• Head and Face: The Pekingese has a large, broad head with a short, flat muzzle. Their dark, round eyes give them an expressive and alert look. The breed’s face is adorned with a prominent black mask, regardless of coat color, which enhances their unique appearance.
• Tail: Pekingese have a high-set, arched tail that curls over their back, further adding to their regal bearing.
• Color: Pekingese coats come in a variety of colors, including gold, sable, black, white, and cream. Some have solid coats, while others may have a mix of colors or markings.

Personality and Temperament

    The Pekingese is known for its independent, courageous, and sometimes stubborn nature. These dogs have a strong sense of self-worth, likely due to their historical ties to Chinese royalty. Despite their small size, Pekingese carry themselves with an air of confidence and dignity, often described as having a “lion’s heart.”

    Pekingese are incredibly loyal to their families and tend to form strong bonds with their owners. They are often reserved or aloof with strangers, which can make them good watchdogs. However, they are not overly aggressive; their barking is typically more of an alert than a threat.

    While they enjoy affection, Pekingese are not overly clingy and can be quite independent. They are perfectly content spending time alone as long as they are in a familiar environment. However, they do enjoy companionship and can become protective of their family members.

    One of the key challenges with the Pekingese is their stubborn streak. Training can be a bit of a challenge, as they are not always eager to please. However, with patience and consistency, they can learn commands and manners.

Grooming and Maintenance

    Due to their long, thick coats, Pekingese require regular grooming to keep their fur in good condition. Here’s a breakdown of their grooming needs:

• Brushing: Pekingese should be brushed at least a few times a week to prevent matting and tangling, especially around the ears, tail, and belly. Their dense undercoat can easily become tangled if not properly maintained.
• Bathing: Regular bathing is essential to keep their coat clean and healthy. It’s important to use dog-specific shampoos to maintain the health of their skin and coat.
• Trimming: Some owners prefer to trim their Pekingese’s coat, particularly around the feet and belly, to make grooming easier. Professional grooming every few months can help keep their coat manageable.
• Facial Care: Pekingese have prominent facial wrinkles, which can accumulate dirt and moisture. These wrinkles should be cleaned regularly to prevent infections.
• Nail Care: Their nails should be trimmed regularly to avoid overgrowth, which can lead to discomfort or walking issues.
• Dental Care: Like many small breeds, Pekingese are prone to dental problems. Regular brushing and dental checkups are important to maintain their oral health.

Exercise and Training

    Although Pekingese are not as energetic as some other breeds, they still require regular exercise to stay healthy. A couple of short walks each day, along with some indoor playtime, should be sufficient to keep them fit. Due to their flat faces, they can be prone to breathing difficulties, especially in hot or humid weather. It’s important to avoid overexertion and ensure they are kept cool during exercise.

    Training a Pekingese can be a test of patience. Their independent and sometimes stubborn nature means they may not always be eager to obey commands. However, with consistent, positive reinforcement methods, they can learn basic commands and good manners. Early socialization is key to ensuring they are well-behaved around other dogs and people.

Diet and Feeding

    A well-balanced diet is essential for keeping your Pekingese healthy. Here are some important dietary considerations:

• High-Quality Dog Food: Pekingese do best on high-quality dog food that provides the right balance of nutrients. Look for food formulated for small breeds, which often has smaller kibble and is easier for them to chew.
• Portion Control: Because Pekingese are small and can be prone to weight gain, it’s important to monitor their portions and avoid overfeeding. Obesity can lead to a range of health issues, particularly with their joints and back.
• Dental Health: Due to their susceptibility to dental problems, dry kibble that promotes dental health can be beneficial. Regular chewing of dental treats can also help maintain healthy teeth and gums.
• Special Considerations: Some Pekingese may have food allergies or sensitivities. If you notice any signs of gastrointestinal distress, consult your vet to determine if a special diet is needed.

Common Health Issues

Like all breeds, Pekingese are susceptible to certain health problems. Here are some of the most common concerns:

• Brachycephalic Syndrome: Due to their flat faces, Pekingese can suffer from breathing difficulties, particularly in hot weather. Care should be taken to ensure they don’t overheat or exert themselves too much.
• Eye Problems: The Pekingese’s large, prominent eyes are prone to injury and infections. Regular cleaning and vet checkups can help prevent problems like corneal ulcers or dry eye.
• Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD): Because of their short, stocky build, Pekingese are at higher risk for back problems, particularly IVDD. Avoid activities that put strain on their spine, such as jumping from high places.
• Dental Issues: Like many small breeds, Pekingese are prone to dental problems such as tooth decay and gum disease. Regular brushing and vet checkups are essential to maintaining their oral health.

Famous Pekingese Haircuts

    There are a few popular haircut styles for Pekingese that help maintain their coat and keep them looking regal:

• Lion Cut: This haircut emphasizes the Pekingese’s natural mane by trimming the body short while leaving a full mane around the head. This style highlights their lion-like appearance and is a favorite among many owners.
• Puppy Cut: The puppy cut is a practical option where the fur is trimmed evenly all over the body. This style is easier to

    maintain and reduces the risk of matting, making it ideal for pet owners who want to minimize grooming time while still keeping their Pekingese looking adorable.

• Teddy Bear Cut: This style leaves the fur a bit longer than the puppy cut but rounds the fur around the face and body to create a soft, plush appearance. The teddy bear cut gives the Pekingese a more youthful and fluffy look, while still keeping their coat manageable.

    Each haircut style can be tailored to suit your preferences and your Pekingese’s coat condition. Professional grooming is recommended for maintaining these cuts, but with regular at-home grooming, your Pekingese can stay looking fabulous all year round.

Fun Facts About Pekingese

• Royal Companions: Pekingese dogs were so beloved by Chinese royalty that they had their own servants and lived in the palaces alongside emperors.
• Legends of Origin: According to Chinese folklore, the Pekingese was created when Buddha shrunk a lion down to dog size, symbolizing their bravery and royal connection.
• Noble Survivors: After the fall of the Chinese Empire, many Pekingese dogs were taken to Europe by aristocrats, and some even lived with British royalty, including Queen Victoria.
• Protective Instinct: Despite their small size, Pekingese are known for their protective nature and will bark to alert their owners of any unusual activity.

FAQs About Pekingese

1. Are Pekingese good pets?
    Yes, Pekingese can make excellent pets, especially for those who appreciate their independent and sometimes stubborn nature. They are loyal and affectionate with their family members and can be good companions for individuals or families who understand their specific needs. However, they may not be ideal for homes with small children due to their delicate nature and preference for a calm environment.

2. Why are Pekingese so expensive?
    Pekingese dogs can be expensive due to their rarity, pedigree, and the effort required to breed them responsibly. Reputable breeders invest in health checks, veterinary care, and proper socialization, which contributes to the overall cost. Additionally, their long, thick coats require regular grooming, which can add to the cost of ownership.

3. Is a Pekingese a Shih Tzu?
    No, a Pekingese is not a Shih Tzu, though both breeds share some similarities. Both are small, toy breeds with origins in China and have a similar appearance, with long coats and flat faces. However, they are distinct breeds with different histories and characteristics.

4. Why are Pekingese so rare?
    Pekingese have become less common in recent years due to changing trends in dog ownership. Additionally, their specific health needs, grooming requirements, and the challenges of breeding brachycephalic (flat-faced) dogs responsibly have led to fewer breeders specializing in Pekingese. This has contributed to the breed’s rarity, particularly outside of China.

5. Is a Pekingese a lion dog?
    Yes, Pekingese are often referred to as "lion dogs" due to their distinctive mane-like fur around their neck and their courageous, proud demeanor. In Chinese culture, they were considered symbolic lions, revered for their noble spirit.

6. Do Pekingese bark a lot?
    Pekingese can be quite vocal, especially when alerting their owners to new or unfamiliar sounds. They have a natural guarding instinct and may bark to protect their territory or alert their family to potential intruders. However, excessive barking can be managed with proper training and socialization.

7. What are Pekingese known for?
    Pekingese are known for their regal appearance, loyal and independent nature, and their long association with Chinese royalty. They are also known for their flat faces, lion-like manes, and their calm, dignified demeanor.

8. How to keep Pekingese cool?
    Because of their flat faces, Pekingese are prone to overheating, especially in hot weather. To keep them cool, avoid exercising them during the hottest part of the day, ensure they have access to plenty of water, and keep them in air-conditioned or well-ventilated areas. Using cooling mats or damp towels can also help them stay comfortable. Additionally, trimming their coat in hot weather can reduce the risk of heatstroke.

9. Famous Pekingese Haircuts?
    Some of the most famous haircuts for Pekingese include the Lion Cut, Puppy Cut, and Teddy Bear Cut. These styles help manage their thick coats while maintaining their distinctive appearance. Professional grooming is recommended for achieving these looks, but regular at-home care can keep them looking their best.

10. Is Pekingese hypoallergenic?
    No, Pekingese are not considered hypoallergenic. While they do not shed excessively compared to some other breeds, their long double coat can still produce dander, which can trigger allergies in sensitive individuals. Regular grooming and cleaning can help minimize allergens, but they may not be the best choice for allergy sufferers.

Conclusion

    The Pekingese is a breed with a rich history and a truly unique set of traits. From their lion-like appearance to their strong-willed personality, these dogs make loyal companions for those willing to meet their grooming, health, and care needs. While they may require more effort than some other breeds, the reward is a devoted and regal companion who embodies centuries of noble tradition.

Whether you’re drawn to their history, their royal connections, or their distinctive look, the Pekingese is a breed that stands out. With the proper care and attention, a Pekingese can be a wonderful addition to any home, offering a lifetime of companionship, protection, and love.